Awadhi to Dogri Translator

Primarily spoken in Jammu and Kashmir (India), with communities in Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and Dogri diaspora worldwide.

Uses Devanagari script with additional letters: अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, क, ख, ग, घ, ङ, च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, त, थ, द, ध, न, प, फ, ब, भ, म, य, र, ल, व, श, ष, स, ह

Features aspirated/unaspirated consonant distinctions, retroflex consonants, and vowel system typical of Indo-Aryan languages.

Subject-object-verb (SOV) word order. Complex verbal morphology with extensive honorific system and case marking.

Contains loanwords from Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, Punjabi, Hindi, and increasingly English.

Part of the Indo-European family, specifically the Indo-Aryan branch, closely related to Punjabi and other northwestern Indo-Aryan languages.

Uses Devanagari script, historically also written in Arabic script and local scripts.

Traditionally used various scripts including Arabic, adopted Devanagari script for modern literary and official use.

Approximately 2.6 million speakers worldwide, primarily in Jammu and Kashmir region of India.

Awadhi is primarily spoken in the Awadh region of northern India, mainly in the state of Uttar Pradesh (around Lucknow, Faizabad, and Allahabad), and in parts of Madhya Pradesh and Bihar. It is also spoken by migrant communities in Fiji, Mauritius, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and South Africa.

Uses the Devanagari script officially. In diaspora communities and historically, it has also been written in Kaithi and Perso-Arabic scripts.

Awadhi features a typical Indo-Aryan phonemic inventory with retroflex and dental contrasts, nasal vowels, and aspirated stops. Vowel nasalization and schwa deletion are phonemic in some contexts.

Follows Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order. Like other Hindi dialects, Awadhi uses postpositions rather than prepositions, has gendered nouns, and verb conjugations that agree with the subject in gender, number, and politeness level.

Includes many loanwords from Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, and English due to historical contact, especially during Mughal and British rule.

Part of the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family, classified under the Eastern Hindi subgroup.

Primarily written in Devanagari today. Historically also written in Kaithi script. Perso-Arabic script was used in Muslim literary traditions.

Early literary works in Awadhi, like the *Ramcharitmanas* by Tulsidas, were written in Devanagari. During the medieval period, both Kaithi and Perso-Arabic scripts were used. Devanagari has since become dominant.

Approximately 40–45 million native speakers, mainly in India, with additional speakers in the diaspora.