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How Chinese and Japanese compare

Different writing systems

Chinese uses Chinese characters while Japanese uses Japanese kana and kanji. Because the two do not share an alphabet, translated output cannot be sounded out from the original spelling — copy the result directly rather than trying to transcribe it.

Unrelated language families

Chinese belongs to the Sino-Tibetan family while Japanese belongs to the Japonic family. With no shared ancestry there are few cognates to fall back on, so idioms and fixed expressions rarely map word-for-word. Short, literal sentences translate more accurately than figurative ones.

Sentence structure changes

Chinese follows subject-verb-object (SVO) order while Japanese follows subject-object-verb (SOV). The translator has to rebuild each sentence rather than substitute words in place, so the output will not line up word-for-word with your input. Splitting long sentences improves accuracy.

Speakers

Chinese: About 1.3 speakers globally, making it one of the world's most spoken languages. Japanese: Approximately 128 million speakers, predominantly in Japan.

Common Chinese phrases in Japanese

Everyday phrases translated from Chinese to Japanese — useful for travel, conversation and learning.

Greetings

Greetings: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
你好こんにちは
早上好おはようございます
下午好こんにちは
晚上好こんばんは。
晚安おやすみ
再见さようなら
稍后见また会いましょう
明天见また明日
欢迎ようこそ
你好吗?調子はどうですか?
我很好,谢谢私は元気です、ありがとう
祝你有美好的一天良い一日をお過ごしください

Courtesy

Courtesy: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
お願いします
谢谢你ありがとう
非常感谢ありがとうございました
不客气どういたしまして
是的はい
いいえ
对不起すみません
对不起ごめんなさい
没问题問題ありません
当然もちろん
恭喜你おめでとうございます
祝你好运頑張ってください

Introductions

Introductions: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
你叫什么名字?あなたの名前は何ですか?
很高兴认识你よろしくお願いします
你来自哪里?どこの出身ですか?
你今年多大?何歳ですか?
我是一名学生私は学生です
我在这里度假私は休暇でここにいます
我来这里是为了工作私は仕事のためにここにいます
这是我的朋友これは私の友達です

Numbers

Numbers: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
1 つ
两个2
3
4
5
6
セブン
8
ナイン
10
一百
一千1,000

Time and dates

Time and dates: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
今天今日
明天明日
昨天昨日
现在
后来後で
现在几点了?今何時ですか?
早上午前中
晚上夕方
星期一月曜日
周五金曜日
下周来週
一小时1時間

Directions and travel

Directions and travel: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
浴室在哪里?バスルームはどこですか?
火车站在哪里?鉄道駅はどこですか?
机场在哪里?空港はどこですか?
我怎样才能到达那里?どうやってそこに行きますか?
左转左折
右转右折
一直往前走まっすぐ進んでください
已经很近了近くにあります
很远遠いです
我迷路了道に迷ってしまった
我需要一辆出租车タクシーが必要です
我在哪里可以买票?チケットはどこで買えますか?
票多少銭?チケットはいくらですか
步行安全吗?歩いても安全ですか?

Food and restaurants

Food and restaurants: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
我饿了お腹が空いた
我渴了のどが渇いた
请喝水水ください
请给一张两人桌2人用のテーブルをお願いします
请给菜单メニューをお願いします
你有什么推荐?何をお勧めしますか?
我想要这个これが欲しいです
很好吃おいしいです
请付帐单請求書をお願いします
我不吃肉肉は食べません
我有食物过敏食物アレルギーがあります
咖啡コーヒー
お茶
面包パン

Shopping and money

Shopping and money: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
这要花多少钱?これにはいくらかかりますか?
太贵了高すぎる
你们接受信用卡吗?クレジットカードは利用できますか?
我只是在寻找ただ見ているだけです
我会接受它いただきます
打开開く
关闭閉店
入口处入口
退出終了
市场在哪里?市場はどこですか?

Emergency and health

Emergency and health: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
帮助ヘルプ
打电话给医生医師に電話してください
报警警察に電話してください
我需要帮助助けが必要です
我病了私は病気です
医院在哪里?病院はどこですか?
药房在哪里?薬局はどこですか?
这里很痛ここが痛い
我需要一名医生医者が必要です
附近有医院吗?近くに病院はありますか?

Getting help with language

Getting help with language: Chinese phrases and their Japanese translations
ChineseJapanese
你会说英语吗?あなたは英語を話しますか?
我不明白分かりません
我明白了分かりました
请慢慢地说ゆっくり話してください
请重复一遍それを繰り返してください
请写下来書き留めてください
这意味着什么?これはどういう意味ですか?
这话怎么说呢?これはなんと言いますか?
我正在学习私は学んでいます
我稍微讲一点少し話します
你能帮我吗?手伝ってもらえますか?
我不知道分かりません

Translations are generated automatically and may vary by region or context.

About Japanese Language

Geographical Distribution

Primarily spoken in Japan. It is the national language of Japan, with the majority of speakers residing there.

Alphabet

Japanese uses three scripts: Hiragana (, 46 basic characters) Katakana (, 46 basic characters) Kanji (, thousands of characters) Romaji (, Latin script used for teaching and inputting Japanese text) .

Vowels

あ is pronounced like 'a' in 'father'い is pronounced like 'ee' in 'see'う is pronounced like 'oo' in 'food'え is pronounced like 'e' in 'bet'お is pronounced like 'o' in 'or'

Consonants

Represented through a combination of the Hiragana and Katakana scripts for different sounds, including: k, s, t, n, h, m, y, r, w, g, z, d, b, pJapanese also features double consonants or 'geminate consonants' which are marked by a small つ in Hiragana or ッ in Katakana

Phonetics

Japanese phonetic structure includes 5 vowel sounds and numerous consonant sounds that can be altered with diacritical marks to indicate voicing.

Grammar and Syntax

Typically follows a subject-object-verb (SOV) order. Utilizes a system of particles to indicate grammatical relationships between words and relies heavily on verb conjugations to express tense, aspect, and mood.

Loanwords

Japanese has a significant number of loanwords from English, Portuguese, Dutch, and other languages, especially in modern usage. These are typically written in Katakana.

Language Family

Considered as a part of the Japonic language family. The relationship with other language families is debated, but it may be related to Korean and the Altaic languages.

Writing Systems

Combines three scripts—Hiragana, Katakana, and Kanji. Hiragana is used for native Japanese words, Katakana for foreign words, and Kanji for words of Chinese origin.

Writing System History

Developed from Chinese characters around the 4th century AD. Hiragana and Katakana were developed as simplified forms of Kanji for different purposes in literature and documentation.

Total Number of Speakers

Approximately 128 million speakers, predominantly in Japan.

About Chinese Language

Geographical Distribution

Chinese is primarily spoken in China (中国, Zhōngguó), Taiwan (台湾, Táiwān), and Singapore (新加坡, Xīnjiāpō), with significant numbers of speakers in Indonesia (印度尼西亚, Yìndùníxīyà), Malaysia (马来西亚, Mǎláixīyà), Thailand (泰国, Tàiguó), and overseas Chinese communities globally.

Alphabet

Does not use an alphabet but uses a logographic writing system composed of thousands of characters (汉字, Hànzì).A (诶), B (比), C (西), D (迪), E (伊), F (艾弗), G (吉), H (艾尺), I (艾), J (杰), K (开), L (艾勒), M (艾马), N (艾娜), O (哦), P (屁), Q (吉吾), R (艾儿), S (艾丝), T (提), U (伊吾), V (维), W (豆贝尔维), X (艾克斯), Y (吾艾), Z (贼德)

Vowels

Standard Mandarin has simple vowels: a (啊, ā), e (额, é), i (衣, yī), o (哦, ó), u (乌, wū), ü (迂, yū)a is pronounced like 'father' (啊, ā)e is pronounced in various ways, often like 'sir' (额, é)i is pronounced like 'see' (衣, yī)o is pronounced like 'or' (哦, ó)u is pronounced like 'flute' (乌, wū)ü is similar to the French 'lune' (迂, yū)

Consonants

b (ㄅ), p (ㄆ), m (ㄇ), f (ㄈ), d (ㄉ), t (ㄊ), n (ㄋ), l (ㄌ), g (ㄍ), k (ㄎ), h (ㄏ), j (ㄐ), q (ㄑ), x (ㄒ), zh (ㄓ), ch (ㄔ), sh (ㄕ), r (ㄖ), z (ㄗ), c (ㄘ), s (ㄙ), y (ㄧ), w (ㄨ)

Phonetics

Features four tones in Mandarin (high, rising, falling-rising, and falling) which are crucial to meaning. Other dialects may have up to nine tones.

Grammar and Syntax

Typically follows a subject-verb-object (SVO) order (主谓宾, zhǔwèibīn). Uses particles to indicate tense and aspect. Does not inflect nouns for number or gender, nor verbs for tense.

Loanwords

Includes loanwords from Mongolian (蒙古语, Ménggǔ yǔ), Tibetan (藏语, Zàng yǔ), Japanese (日语, Rìyǔ), and English (英语, Yīngyǔ), among others.

Language Family

Part of the Sino-Tibetan language family (汉藏语系, Hàn-Zàng yǔxì).

Writing Systems

Uses Chinese characters (汉字, Hànzì). Simplified characters (简体字, Jiǎntǐzì) are used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional characters (繁体字, Fántǐzì) are used in Taiwan, Hong Kong (香港, Xiānggǎng), and Macau (澳门, Àomén).

Writing System History

Chinese characters have evolved over several millennia, with significant simplifications occurring in the 20th century in Mainland China.

Total Number of Speakers

About 1.3 speakers globally, making it one of the world's most spoken languages.

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