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How Sinhala and English compare

Different writing systems

Sinhala uses Sinhala while English uses Latin. Because the two do not share an alphabet, translated output cannot be sounded out from the original spelling — copy the result directly rather than trying to transcribe it.

Related languages

Both Sinhala and English belong to the Indo-European language family. Related languages tend to share vocabulary roots and comparable sentence structure, which generally makes machine translation between them more reliable — though false friends, words that look alike but mean different things, are also more common between relatives.

Sentence structure changes

Sinhala follows subject-object-verb (SOV) order while English follows subject-verb-object (SVO). The translator has to rebuild each sentence rather than substitute words in place, so the output will not line up word-for-word with your input. Splitting long sentences improves accuracy.

Speakers

Sinhala: Approximately 18 million native speakers, making it the majority language of Sri Lanka. English: Approximately 1.5 billion people speak English to varying degrees of proficiency, with around 360 million native speakers.

Common Sinhala phrases in English

Everyday phrases translated from Sinhala to English — useful for travel, conversation and learning.

Greetings

ආයුබෝවන්
Hello
සුභ උදෑසනක්
Good morning
සුභ සන්ධ්‍යාවක්
Good afternoon
සුභ සන්ධ්‍යාවක්
Good evening
සුභ රාත්‍රියක්
Good night
ආයුබෝවන්
Goodbye
පසුව හමුවෙමු
See you later
හෙට හමුවෙමු
See you tomorrow
සාදරයෙන් පිළිගනිමු
Welcome
ඔබට කොහොමද?
How are you?
මම හොඳින්, ස්තූතියි
I am fine, thank you
සුභ දවසක් වේවා
Have a good day

Courtesy

කරුණාකර
Please
ස්තුතියි
Thank you
බොහොම ස්තුතියි
Thank you very much
ඔබ සාදරයෙන් පිළිගනිමු
You are welcome
ඔව්
Yes
නැත
No
සමාවෙන්න
Excuse me
මට සමාවෙන්න
I am sorry
ප්‍රශ්නයක් නෑ
No problem
ඇත්තෙන්ම
Of course
සුභ පැතුම්
Congratulations
සුභ ගමන්
Good luck

Introductions

ඔබේ නම කුමක්ද?
What is your name?
ඔබව හමුවීම සතුටක්
Nice to meet you
ඔබ කොහෙන්ද?
Where are you from?
ඔයාගේ වයස කීය ද?
How old are you?
මම ශිෂ්‍යයෙක්
I am a student
මම නිවාඩුවට මෙහි සිටිමි
I am here on holiday
මම වැඩකට තමයි මෙතන ඉන්නේ
I am here for work
මේ මගේ යාළුවෙක්
This is my friend

Numbers

එකක්
One
දෙකක්
Two
තුනක්
Three
හතර
Four
පහක්
Five
හය
Six
හත
Seven
අටයි
Eight
නවය
Nine
දහය
Ten
සියයක්
One hundred
දහසක්
One thousand

Time and dates

අද
Today
හෙට
Tomorrow
ඊයේ
Yesterday
දැන්
Now
පසුව
Later
වෙලාව කීයද?
What time is it?
උදෑසන
In the morning
සවස් වරුවේ
In the evening
සඳුදා
Monday
සිකුරාදා
Friday
ලබන සතියේ
Next week
පැයක්
One hour

Directions and travel

නාන කාමරය කොහෙද?
Where is the bathroom?
දුම්රිය ස්ථානය කොහෙද?
Where is the train station?
ගුවන් තොටුපල කොහෙද?
Where is the airport?
මම කොහොමද එතනට යන්නේ?
How do I get there?
වමට හැරෙන්න
Turn left
දකුණට හැරෙන්න
Turn right
කෙළින්ම ඉදිරියට යන්න
Go straight ahead
එය ළඟයි
It is near
එය දුරයි
It is far
මම නැතිවෙලා
I am lost
මට කුලී රථයක් අවශ්‍යයි
I need a taxi
මට ටිකට් පතක් මිලදී ගත හැක්කේ කොතැනින්ද?
Where can I buy a ticket?
ප්රවේශ පත්රය කීයද?
How much is the ticket?
ඇවිදීම ආරක්ෂිතද?
Is it safe to walk?

Food and restaurants

මට බඩගිනියි
I am hungry
මම පිපාසයෙන් සිටිමි
I am thirsty
කරුණාකර ජලය
Water, please
කරුණාකර දෙදෙනෙකු සඳහා මේසයක්
A table for two, please
කරුණාකර මෙනුව
The menu, please
ඔබ නිර්දේශ කරන්නේ කුමක්ද?
What do you recommend?
මම මේකට කැමතියි
I would like this
එය රසවත් ය
It is delicious
කරුණාකර බිල්පත
The bill, please
මම මස් කන්නේ නැහැ
I do not eat meat
මට ආහාර ආසාත්මිකතාවයක් තිබේ
I have a food allergy
කෝපි
Coffee
තේ
Tea
පාන්
Bread

Shopping and money

මේ සඳහා කොපමණ මුදලක් වැය වේද?
How much does this cost?
එය මිල අධිකයි
It is too expensive
ඔබ ක්‍රෙඩිට් කාඩ්පත් පිළිගන්නවාද?
Do you accept credit cards?
මම බලනවා විතරයි
I am just looking
මම ඒක ගන්නම්
I will take it
විවෘත කරන්න
Open
වසා ඇත
Closed
ඇතුල්වීම
Entrance
පිටවෙන්න
Exit
වෙළෙඳපොළ කොහෙද?
Where is the market?

Emergency and health

උදව් කරන්න
Help
වෛද්යවරයෙකු අමතන්න
Call a doctor
පොලිසියට කතා කරන්න
Call the police
මට උදව් අවශ්‍යයි
I need help
මට අසනීපයි
I am sick
රෝහල කොහෙද?
Where is the hospital?
ෆාමසිය කොහෙද?
Where is the pharmacy?
මෙතන රිදෙනවා
It hurts here
මට වෛද්‍යවරයෙක් අවශ්‍යයි
I need a doctor
අසල රෝහලක් තිබේද?
Is there a hospital nearby?

Getting help with language

ඔයා ඉංග්රීසි කථා කරනවා ද?
Do you speak English?
මට තේරෙන්නේ නැහැ
I do not understand
මට තේරෙනවා
I understand
කරුණාකර සෙමින් කතා කරන්න
Please speak slowly
කරුණාකර එය නැවත කරන්න
Please repeat that
කරුණාකර එය ලියන්න
Please write it down
මෙයින් අදහස් කරන්නේ කුමක්ද?
What does this mean?
ඔයා කොහොමද මේක කියන්නේ?
How do you say this?
මම ඉගෙන ගන්නවා
I am learning
මම ටිකක් කතා කරනවා
I speak a little
ඔබට මට උදව් කළ හැකිද?
Can you help me?
මම දන්නේ නැහැ
I do not know

Translations are generated automatically and may vary by region or context.

About English Language

Geographical Distribution

English is a global language, spoken as a first language in countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. It is also widely used as a second language worldwide.

Alphabet

Uses the Latin alphabet. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

Vowels

aeiousometimes y

Consonants

bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz

Phonetics

Features a complex phonetic system with significant variations in accent and pronunciation across different regions. Includes around 44 phonemes in Received Pronunciation and diphthongs and triphthongs.

Grammar and Syntax

Typically follows a subject-verb-object (SVO) word order. Known for its relatively flexible syntax and extensive use of auxiliary verbs.

Loanwords

English vocabulary includes a vast number of loanwords from Latin, French, Norse, and many other languages, reflecting its historical development and adaptability.

Language Family

Part of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family.

Writing Systems

Currently uses the Latin script, with a history of using other scripts such as Old English runes and the Anglo-Saxon futhorc

Writing System History

The Latin script was adopted during the medieval period, replacing the earlier runic alphabets used by Anglo-Saxon settlers.

Total Number of Speakers

Approximately 1.5 billion people speak English to varying degrees of proficiency, with around 360 million native speakers.

About Sinhala Language

Geographical Distribution

Sinhala is primarily spoken in Sri Lanka where it is one of the two official languages, alongside Tamil. It is the native language of the Sinhalese, the majority ethnic group in Sri Lanka.

Alphabet

Uses the Sinhala script, which is an abugida script, meaning each consonant has an inherent vowel that can be changed with the use of diacritical marks. The script consists of about 60 letters, including 18 for vowels and 42 for consonants.

Vowels

Sinhala vowels are represented both as independent letters when they occur at the beginning of a syllable and as diacritical marks when they modify consonants. Vowels include: අ, ඇ, ඈ, ඉ, ඊ, උ, ඌ, එ, ඒ, ඔ, ඕ.

Consonants

Consonants in Sinhala include: ක, ඛ, ග, ඝ, ඞ, ච, ඡ, ජ, ඣ, ඤ, ට, ඨ, ඩ, ඪ, ණ, ත, ථ, ද, ධ, න, ප, ඵ, බ, භ, ම, ය, ර, ල, ව, ශ, ෂ, ස, හ, ළ, ෆ.

Phonetics

Features a range of 25 consonant phonemes and 20 vowel phonemes (including length and nasalization variations). Sinhala is noted for its rich array of consonant sounds, particularly prenasalized consonants and several fricatives.

Grammar and Syntax

Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order is typical in Sinhala. The language is highly inflected for tense, aspect, voice, and politeness. Nouns are marked for number, case, and definiteness.

Loanwords

Includes many loanwords from Pali, Sanskrit, Portuguese, Dutch, and English, reflecting Sri Lanka's diverse historical and cultural influences.

Language Family

Part of the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family.

Writing Systems

Primarily uses the Sinhala script, which has evolved from the Brahmi script.

Writing System History

The Sinhala script has developed significantly over the centuries, influenced by other scripts such as Grantha, Pallava, and later the Brahmi script.

Total Number of Speakers

Approximately 18 million native speakers, making it the majority language of Sri Lanka.

Frequently Asked Questions

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