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Urdu to Punjabi Pakistani Translator

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Translating Urdu to Punjabi Pakistani: what to expect

How these two languages compare, and what it means for your translations.

Related languages

Both Urdu and Punjabi Pakistani belong to the Indo-European language family. Related languages tend to share vocabulary roots and comparable sentence structure, which generally makes machine translation between them more reliable — though false friends, words that look alike but mean different things, are also more common between relatives.

Matching sentence structure

Both languages follow subject-object-verb (SOV) order, so clauses usually keep their shape during translation. Words tend to land in a similar position in the sentence, which makes it easier to check a translation against the original even without fluency.

Speakers

Urdu: Approximately 230 million people speak Urdu as a first or second language. Punjabi Pakistani: Approximately 125 million speakers worldwide, making it one of the ten most spoken languages globally, with significant numbers in Pakistan and the Punjabi diaspora.

About Punjabi Pakistani Language

Geographical Distribution

Punjabi Pakistani is called Shahmukhi which is primarily spoken in the Punjab region of Pakistan and also by Punjabi communities worldwide.

Alphabet

Uses the Shahmukhi script, which is a variant of the Persian script adapted for Punjabi. It consists of 38 letters: ا, ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, و, ہ, ھ, ی, ئ, ے.

Vowels

Shahmukhi script primarily uses diacritical marks to denote vowels which are often not written in everyday use. When written, vowels include: ا (alif), و (vao), ی (ye), ے (bari ye). Diacritics include zabar (اَ), zer (اِ), pesh (اُ), indicating short vowels, and do zabar (اَا), do zer (اِی), and do pesh (اُو), indicating long vowels.

Consonants

Shahmukhi consonants include: ب (b), پ (p), ت (t), ٹ (ṭ), ث (s̱), ج (j), چ (ch), ح (ḥ), خ (kh), د (d), ڈ (ḍ), ذ (ẕ), ر (r), ڑ (ṛ), ز (z), ژ (zh), س (s), ش (sh), ص (ṣ), ض (ẓ), ط (ṭ), ظ (ẓ), ع ('), غ (gh), ف (f), ق (q), ک (k), گ (g), ل (l), م (m), ن (n), و (w), ہ (h), ھ (ẖ), ی (y), ئ ('y)

Phonetics

Features 38 phonemes including consonants and vowels. Distinctive features include retroflex sounds, which are common in South Asian languages.

Grammar and Syntax

Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order predominates. Punjabi in Shahmukhi uses postpositions rather than prepositions, and verbs are inflected for tense, aspect, mood, and number.

Loanwords

Includes numerous words from Persian and Arabic, reflecting the historical influence of Islamic culture and language in the region. Also includes modern borrowings from English and Urdu.

Language Family

Part of the Indo-European language family, within the Indo-Iranian branch.

Writing Systems

Primarily uses the Shahmukhi script, adapted from the Persian script for Punjabi. It is one of the two scripts used to write Punjabi, the other being Gurmukhi in India.

Writing System History

The Shahmukhi script has been used historically by Punjabi Muslims in Pakistan and was adapted from Persian as part of the cultural and administrative influence from Persia and later Mughal empires.

Total Number of Speakers

Approximately 125 million speakers worldwide, making it one of the ten most spoken languages globally, with significant numbers in Pakistan and the Punjabi diaspora.

About Urdu Language

Geographical Distribution

Urdu is primarily spoken in Pakistan where it is the national language and lingua franca, and in India, particularly in the Hindi-Urdu belt regions including Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, and Hyderabad. It is also spoken by immigrant communities in the Middle East, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada.

Alphabet

Uses the Perso-Arabic script, known as Nasta’liq. The script is written from right to left and consists of 38 letters, accommodating sounds specific to Urdu as well as Arabic and Persian phonetics.

Vowels

Urdu vowels include: ا (alif), ب (be), پ (pe), ت (te), ٹ (ṭe), ث (se), ج (je), چ (che), ح (ḥe), خ (khe), د (dal), ڈ (ḍal), ذ (zal), ر (re), ڑ (ṛe), ز (ze), ژ (zhe), س (sin), ش (shin), ص (ṣad), ض (ẓad), ط (ṭā’), ظ (ẓā’), ع ('ain), غ (ghain), ف (fe), ق (qāf), ک (kāf), گ (gāf), ل (lām), م (meem), ن (noon), و (vā'o), ہ (he), ھ (do chashmi he), ء (hamzah), ی (ye), ے (bari ye)

Consonants

Urdu has a rich array of consonants, utilizing sounds from its Arabic and Persian influences: ب, پ, ت, ٹ, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ڈ, ذ, ر, ڑ, ز, ژ, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ک, گ, ل, م, ن, و, ہ, ھ, ء, ی, ے.

Phonetics

Features a significant number of phonemes, including several aspirated consonants and nasal sounds, with phonetic influences from Arabic and Persian.

Grammar and Syntax

Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order predominates. Urdu grammar is highly inflected with extensive use of conjugation and declension, mirroring the structure of other Indo-Iranian languages.

Loanwords

Contains a significant number of loanwords from Arabic, Persian, and English, reflecting various periods of conquest and colonial rule.

Language Family

Part of the Indo-Aryan group of the Indo-European language family, closely related to Hindi, with which it shares a base vocabulary and grammatical features, differing largely in script and formal vocabulary.

Writing Systems

Uses a modified form of the Perso-Arabic script adapted for Indo-Aryan phonology, known as Nasta’liq, which is also used for writing Persian and Pashto in South Asia.

Writing System History

The adoption of the Nasta’liq script for Urdu developed during the time of the Mughal Empire when Persian was the court language. Urdu evolved as a vernacular form of Hindustani spoken in the army camps (‘Urdu-e-Mualla’) of the Mughals.

Total Number of Speakers

Approximately 230 million people speak Urdu as a first or second language.

Frequently Asked Questions

Everything you need to know about our translation service

How can I translate from Urdu to Punjabi Pakistani?
  • 1Type or paste the Urdu text.
  • 2Click on the Translate button.
  • 3Translated Punjabi Pakistani text appears instantly.
  • 4Copy or download translated text.
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